Chemistry Dictionary Terminology "I"

Chemistry Dictionary

Terminology "I"

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Inner Orbital Complex

Valence bond designation for a complex in which the metal ion utilizes d orbitals for one shell inside the outermost occupied shell in its hybridization.

Isomers

Different substances that have the same formula.

Ionization Isomers

Isomers that result from the interchange of ions inside and outside the coordination sphere.

Inert s-pair Effect

Characteristic of the post-transition minerals; tendency of the outermost s electrons to remain nonionized or un shared in compounds.

Insoluble Compound

A very slightly soluble compound.

Indicators

For acid-base titrations, organic compounds that exhibit different colors in solutions of different acidities; used to determine the point at which reaction between two solutes is complete.

Ionization Constant

Equilibrium constant for the ionization of a weak electrolyte.

Ion Product for Water

Equilibrium constant for the ionization of water, Kw = [H₃O⁺][OH^-] =1.00 x 10-14 at 25 °C.

Inhibitory Catalyst

An inhibitor, a catalyst that decreases the rate of reaction.

For more information see Catalysis

Integrated Rate Equation

An equation giving the concentration of a reactant remaining after a specified time; has different mathematical form for different orders of reactants.

Ioniztion

The breaking up of a compound into separate ions.

Ideal Solution

A solution that obeys Raoult's Law exactly.

Insulator

Poor electric and heat conductor.

Intermolecular Forces

Forces between individual particles (atoms, molecules, ions) of a substance.

Isomorphous

Refers to crystals having the same atomic arrangement.

For more information see Crystallography

Ideal Gas

A hypothetical gas that obeys exactly all postulates of the kinetic-molecular theory.

Ideal Gas Law

The product of pressure and the volume of an ideal gas is directly proportional to the number of moles of the gas and the absolute temperature.

Ionization

In aqueous solution, the process in which a molecular compound reacts with water and forms ions.

Ionic Bonding

Chemical bonding resulting from the transfer of one or more electrons from one atom or a group of atoms to another.

Ionic Compunds

Compounds containing predominantly ionic bonding.

Ionic Geometry

The arrangement of atoms (not lone pairs of electrons) about the central atom of a polyatomic ion.

Isoelectric

Having the same electronic configurations

Ionization Energy

The minimum amount of energy required to remove the most loosely held electron of an isolated gaseous atom or ion.

Isotopes

Two or more forms of atoms of the same element with different masses; atoms containing the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons.

Ion

An atom or a group of atoms that carries an electric charge.